Gastritis is a disease of the century that can be diagnosed in 2/3 of the world's population. The disease is often asymptomatic but prone to progression. Chronic gastritis can eventually develop into a peptic ulcer and even stomach cancer. Clinical nutrition is not the only but important part of the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. What diet is recommended for gastritis: what can and what should not be used by patients with a gastroenterologist?
Dietary principles
Organizing a proper diet for gastritis means a complete overhaul of the diet, excluding foods that irritate the gastric mucosa. Steamed and cooked dishes are preferred. For any type of gastritis it is forbidden to eat fried and fatty foods.
Food for gastritis is organized taking into account the rules:
- the optimal temperature for food is 20–50 °;
- meals are taken at the same time, 5-6 times a day;
- avoid overeating;
- take into account the concomitant diseases when choosing a diet for gastritis;
- exclusion of alcohol, smoking;
- give up smoked, marinated, spicy dishes;
- have dinner 2-3 hours before bed;
- chew food thoroughly;
- refrain from breakfast on the go;
- you can drink 30 minutes after a meal;
- boil the food well.
This regimen has a beneficial effect on mucosal regeneration. The menu for gastritis of the stomach should be varied, include a sufficient amount of vitamins and minerals. The patient should not starve to death.
Gastritis foods
The therapeutic diet for patients with gastritis necessarily includes foods and surrounding ingredients that repair damaged mucosal cells. Food should contain a lot of B vitamins. These elements are usually not enough in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Use healthy foods for all forms of chronic gastritis:
- Oatmeal - a source of fiber, antioxidants;
- Vegetable oils - contain fatty acids, tocopherol;
- Milk (if well tolerated);
- Dairy products - normalize bowel function due to the high content of bacteria responsible for strong immunity;
- Ripe bananas - stimulate the production of protective mucus, are rich in B vitamins, magnesium;
- Berries - are better absorbed than fruits, with increasing secretion, acid-free varieties are released;
- Rice - has absorbent properties;
- Potatoes - helps to improve metabolism, raw vegetable juice is used for medicinal purposes.
Proper drinking helps relieve exacerbations and discomfort. The liquid improves the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, dilutes excess stomach acid. The amount of clean water without gases in the daily diet should be at least 1, 5 liters.
What not to eat with gastritis
Prohibited Products:
- lard;
- dumplings;
- liver;
- mushrooms;
- margarine, spreads;
- fast food;
- rye bread;
- heavy cream;
- coffee;
- chocolate;
- spices;
- fresh fruit (excluding bananas, sweet apples, pears);
- radish;
- ice cream;
- confectionery;
- muffin; canned food;
- carbonated beverages;
- salty cheeses;
- lollipops;
- marinate.
In case of exacerbation of the disease it is necessary to limit the use of pasta, seafood, seeds, nuts. If inflammation of the stomach is combined with diseases of the liver, gallbladder, eggs are used as components of meals. Eating them separately in the form of an omelet is undesirable in the case of a combination of gastrointestinal diseases.
Authorized foods for gastritis
To normalize the level of acidity, the treatment is combined with a special diet that excludes foods that increase the production of secretory fluid in the stomach.
Nutrition significantly accelerates the healing process in superficial focal gastritis. As a rule, mild lesions of the mucosa can be cured with the help of a medical menu and medications after 10-14 days. In the case of deep lesions, it is recommended to eat properly for the rest of your life.
List of foods you can eat for high acid gastritis:
- Flour products.
- Cereals.
- Rice, buckwheat and oats are especially good for the stomach.
- Vegetable puree. It is recommended to prepare salads from grated vegetables.
- Eggs should be cooked well. Eat eggs no more than 3 times a week.
- Dairy products. They neutralize excess stomach acid.
- Hard and cottage cheese.
- Meat. The most useful varieties for gastritis are turkey, rabbit.
- Fish. Suitable are low-fat varieties - pollock, cod, pink salmon, sole, hake, pike.
- Sweet desserts include honey, jam, marmalade, breadcrumbs. You can use cottage cheese for cooking.
- Non-carbonated mineral water.
Features of the diet for gastritis
In people with low acidity, digestion is difficult due to lack of enzymes. Signs of this pathology are poor appetite, weight loss, pale skin and vitamin deficiency.
Rough food provokes deterioration. People with hypoacid gastritis should not consume:
- fruits with zipper;
- fruits with seeds - raspberries, strawberries, gooseberries;
- pure milk.
The list of foods for highly acidic gastritis is approximately the same as for the hyperacid form. There are differences in diet. With low acidity you can use:
- sour fruits, vegetables and berries (citrus fruits also belong to this group); pickles;
- tomatoes;
- fruit juices.
Special attention is paid to chopping food. It is advisable to eat in a relaxed atmosphere and chew thoroughly. At low acidity intolerance to meat, milk, eggs is possible. In this case, foods that cause discomfort are excluded from the diet so as not to provoke complications of gastritis.
Diet with exacerbation of gastritis
When acute gastritis is accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea, the body needs increased fluid intake. Dissolved in water, the salt for hydrating salt helps to restore the water-salt balance. If the active phase of the disease is accompanied by pain and constipation, the following diet is recommended:
| Product Range | Resistance method | |
| Bread and bakery products | Wheat bread | Like breadcrumbs, up to 100 g per day |
| Soups | Cereals: semolina, rice, oatmeal, barley or flour (rice, buckwheat, oatmeal) | Slimy broths or milk soups from semolina, as well as oatmeal, rice and wheat puree |
| Fish dishes | pike or other lean fish | In the form of dumplings, souffle, puree |
| Meat dishes | Lean meat: beef, veal, chicken | Deprived tendons in the form of dumplings, souffles, mashed potatoes (steamed, boiled meat) |
| Vegetable dishes and side dishes | Homogenized vegetables | Raw puree, vegetable puree |
| Eggs | No more than 2-3 pcs. | Soft boiled or omelet |
| Sweet food, pastries, fruits and berries | Sweet dishes made from non-sour fruits and berries, syrups, canned food, meringues, snowballs | Only in the form of jelly, jelly |
| Milk, dairy products and dishes | Whole milk, condensed milk, cream. Fresh non-sour cottage cheese (acidity not higher than 180 according to Turner) | Natural and whipped cream. Puree cottage cheese with sugar and milk or cream. Milk or sour cream sauce (from fresh sour cream) |
| Drinks | Sweet fruit and forest juices, rosehip decoction | |
| Fat | Unsalted butter, well-refined olives or sunflower | Do not fry, but add to dishes in kind |
The menu for acute gastritis includes liquid and grated dishes that promote healing of the stomach walls:
- slimy soups with rice and oval oats;
- steamed cutlets, minced souffle;
- viscous porridge;
- jelly;
- weak tea.
Recipes for gastritis
Most of the diet consists of liquid and ground foods. The recipes for the listed dishes are suitable not only for adults but also for children.
Recipes for soups for gastritis
The first dishes for a diet with gastritis include vegetarian soups. Fatty broths increase the production of secretory fluid, so it should not be consumed by people with high stomach acidity and ulcerative gastritis. The best options for the first dish are slimy rice soup and vegetable puree soup.
To prepare oatmeal soup, you need 0, 5 oval oatmeal, 600 ml of water, salt. Oatmeal is cooked for 10-15 minutes. Such a soup can be prepared by adding lezon - a mixture of milk and eggs. Add at the end of cooking. Beat the egg and 200 ml of milk in a separate bowl. Strain the prepared soup through a sieve. Then beat it with a stirrer and let it boil again. Lezon is poured in a thin stream 5 minutes after turning off the oven. In this case, the contents are constantly mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained.
Slimy rice soup can be made with milk. Composition:
- 55 g cereals;
- 400 ml milk;
- 150 ml water;
- vegetable oil;
- sol;
- 2 teaspoons sugar.
The rice is washed, boiled in water until semi-finished. Then add milk, sugar, salt. Before serving, season with vegetable oil, biscuits.
Food gastritis includes vegetable broths. For example, cauliflower soup. To prepare a dish, take a little onion, carrot, 200 g of cabbage. Cook vegetables for 15 to 20 minutes and grind them with a blender. Bring the soup to a boil, add 10% cream and turn off the heat. The finished dish is served with herbs.
Vegetable stew for gastritis
Ingredients:
- cauliflower;
- potatoes;
- bow;
- zucchini;
- carrots;
- sol;
- olive oil.
Steam onions and carrots in a little water. After 10 minutes, cut the remaining vegetables into cubes. Cook the stew until soft. Cooking time 20-30 minutes. Olive oil is added to the vegetable stew before serving.